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Objective:To evaluate the status of position management of anesthesia specialist nurses in China.Methods:From January 2022 to March 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-made questionnaire through convenience sampling to assess the current situation of position management of anesthesia specialist nurses in tertiary hospitals in mainland China.Results:A total of 154 questionnaires were distributed, 137 of which were recovered, the response rate was 89%, and 36 questionnaires were excluded. The survey involved 101 tertiary hospitals in 25 provincial administrative regions in China, and 90% of hospitals were general hospitals. Eighty-three percent of hospitals had separate anesthesia care units, anesthesia specialist nurses accounted for ≥ 10% of nurse anesthetists in 53% of hospitals. Ninety-four percent of hospitals had the position management system of specialist nurses, more than 50% of hospitals had position responsibility and hierarchical management systems and showed difference in position benefits. Less than 50% of hospitals had employed and full-time anesthesia specialist nurses. Fifty percent of hospitals conformed to the advocacy scope of anesthesia specialist nurse service. Fifty-five percent of hospitals carried out the qualification certification of anesthesia specialist nurses, and 37% of hospitals were the training bases for anesthesia specialist nurses. Ninety-six percent of hospitals formulated the development plan of anesthesia specialist nurses.Conclusions:The position management of anesthesia specialist nurses has begun to take shape in tertiary hospitals in China at present, but the institutional system of position management and specialized management need to be strengthened.
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Objective:To observe and analyze the correlation between macular microvascular parameters and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:A cross-sectional study. From October 2017 to April 2018, 100 eyes of 100 patients (T2DM) and 27 eyes of 27 healthy controls (the control group) were enrolled in Xuzhou First People’s Hospital. All subjects underwent anterior segment examination via slit-lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination, 7-field fundus photographs, OCT angiography (OCTA), the fasting glucose test, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), urinary albumin, urinary creatinine and UACR levels determination. Height and weight measurement were taken for calculating body mass index (BMI). Diabetic retinopathy was ruled out by fundoscopic examinations and 7-field fundus photographs in T2DM patients. According to the UACR, patients in the T2DM group were subdivided into A1 group (UACR< 30 mg/g), A2 group (UACR 30-300 mg/g), and A3 group (UACR>300 mg/g), with 38 cases and 38 eyes respectively , 40 cases with 40 eyes, 22 cases with 22 eyes. A 6 mm×6 mm scanning area centered on the macular fovea were scanned for right eye using a frequency domain OCTA instrument, which were divided into three concentric circles centered on the macular fovea by the software automatically. The foveal zone was defined as a circular area measuring 1 mm in diameter, the parafoveal zone was described as a middle circle area measuring 1-3 mm in diameter, and the perifoveal zone was an outer circle area measuring 3-6 mm in diameter. The vessel density of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), foveal avascular area (FAZ) and perimeter (PERIM), non-circularity index (AI) were measured. The correlation between the macular vessel density, FAZ and UACR was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:A1 group, A2 group, A3 group, and normal control group. The macular area SCP and DCP ( F=13.722, 5.644), foveal area ( F=4.607, 4.719), parafoveal area ( H=23.142, F=2.904), the blood flow density of the area around the fovea ( F=12.292, H=10.946), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); with the increase of UACR, the blood flow density of each area of SCP and DCP showed a downward trend. The results of correlation analysis showed that the blood flow density of the whole SCP, parafoveal area, and surrounding area of T2DM patients was negatively correlated with UACR ( r=-0.376, -0.240, -0.364,-0.347, P<0.05). There were no correlation among fasting plasma glucose, HbAlc and UACR ( r=0.179, 0.085, P>0.05). There were no correlation among blood flow density in BMI, SCP foveal area, DCP and UACR (| r|<0.3, P>0.05). Conclusion:The whole, parafovea and perifovea vessel density values of SCP in T2DM eyes without DR are negatively correlated with UACR.
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Objective:To prepare urokinase targeted thrombus microbubbles combined with low frequency ultrasound to dissolve thrombus in rabbit femoral artery, and to explore the mechanism of thrombolysis through the change of urokinase concentration.Methods:Twenty-four rabbits with thrombosed femoral artery were randomly divided into four treatment groups: urokinase alone (UK) group, ultrasound with non-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US+ M+ UK) group, platelet-targeted microbubble with urokinase (R+ UK) group, ultrasound with platelet-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US+ R+ UK) group. Thrombus-targeted microbubbles were injected through the ear vein and irradiated by ultrasound for 30 minutes, and the pulsed Doppler blood flow meter was used to continuously monitor the blood flow at 0 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min after injection. At the same time, the changes in urokinase concentration were monitored, and the characteristics of blood flow and urokinase concentration changes were analyzed.Results:UK and US+ M+ UK groups failed to show recanalization at 120 minutes after treatment.In contrast, the US+ R+ UK and R+ UK groups both achieved persistent recanalization( P<0.001). Compared with the basal state. Both the R+ UK group and R+ UK+ US group showed a decrease at 60 minutes, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusions:In the thrombolysis process of low-frequency ultrasound combined with a targeted contrast agent carrying urokinase, the targeting can make the local urokinase concentration of thrombus reach the highest level. At the same time, ultrasound and targeted microbubbles promote urokinase to enter the thrombus, and finally achieve the strongest thrombolytic effect.
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With the popularization and application of antiseptic drugs, the abuse of antiseptic drugs and various un reasonable applications have also become a serious medical problem. The prescriptions of antibiotics in or hospital were randomly selected for statistical analysis. Further, we analyzed the vaious situations of the use of antibiotics in outpatient department, and calculated the DDDs of different drugs based on the defined daily dose [DDD]. The results showed that there were 403 unreasonable prescriptions, accounting for 24.9% of the drug prescriptions. The main problem of irrational prescriptions were unsuitable drugs, non indications and improper frequency of adminstration, which accounted for 27.1%, 21.3% and 18.3%. It is suggested that the quality department of the hospital should strengthen the special training for rational use of antimicrobial agents, intervene in time and effectively, and gradually change post evaluation into prevention intervention in advance
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Objective This study developed the post competency evaluation questionnaire of anesthesia nurses and tested its reliability and validity. Methods The item pool was developed through literature analysis, behavioral event interview and Delphi method, which was based on the post competency model. A total of 222 anesthesia nurses were investigated firstly, and the formal questionnaire was formed by item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis. Then the reliability and validity were tested. A total of 214 anesthesia nurses were investigated, the data was used to analyze the confirmatory factor, and the SEM was constructed finally. Results Six factors were identified including 35 items and the cumulative contribution of variance was 65.898%. The correlation coefficient between each factor and total score ranged from 0.793 to 0.863, and the correlation coefficient among each factor ranged from 0.512 to 0.739. The Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.96 and the Spearman-Brown was 0.883 for the total scale. The model fitting indexes of structural equation model were as below, RMR=0.044, RMSEA=0.064, CFI=0.901, IFI=0.902, PNFI=0.727, PCFI=0.807. Conclusions This evaluation questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and it could be used as a tool to evaluate the post competency of anesthesia nurses in China.
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Objective To explore the express of von willebrand factor(vWF) and tissue factor(TF) in ultrasound combined with urokinase and RGDS-targeted microbubbles for recanalization of occluded rabbit femoral artery.Methods A total of 42 rabbits with platelet-rich thrombi in the femoral artery were randomized into 7 treatment groups (n =6 in each group):①ultrasound alone (US) group;②ultrasound,non-targeted microbubbles (US + M) group;③urokinase alone (UK) group;④ ultrasound,non-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US + M + UK) group;⑤ ultrasound,platelet-targeted microbubble (US + R) group;⑥ platelet-targeted microbubble,urokinase (R + UK) group;⑦ ultrasound,platelet-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US + R + UK) group.A total of 6 ml of infusion liquor of urokinase,RGDS and microbubbles (SonoVue) were mixed by the direct conjugation method,infusion via vein within 20 min.Ultrasound was conducted to lyse the clot for 30 min.The recanalization and the velocity tracing change of blood flow in thrombolytic process and the express of vWF and TF were evaluated at 120 min post treatment.Results For US,UK,US + M,US + R and US + M + UK groups,recanalization were failed.The R + UK and US + R + UK groups were partly recanalizated or completed recanalized (P ＜0.001).vWF and TF were positive in US,US + M,US + R and R + UK group.vWF and TF were negative in US + M + UK,UK and US + R + UK groups.Conclusions The combined effects of low frequency ultrasound and targeted microbubble combined with urokinase can inhibit the expression of vWF and TF,and then promote the thrombolysis,however it can affect the expression of vWF and TF after reperfusion.
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Objective To investigate influencing factors of disability after craniocerbral injury caused by road traffic accident.Methods We collected 486 cases with craniocerebral injury caused by traffic accident,and conducted analysis.Factors related to disability were found by univariate analysis,and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to filter the most important factors.Results Degrees of brain injury,drunk driving,age and types of accident were the major influencing factors.Drunk driving and age were positively related with disability grade while the degree of brain injury and type of accident were negatively related.Concuusiorn It is helpful to reduce disability and the burden on society by taking intervening measures on the related factors of disability after brain injury in road traffic accident.
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Objective To explore the correlation between matrix metalloproteinase‐9(MMP‐9) and cardiac function ,aneu‐rysm volume in the process of left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) formation .Methods Rabbit models of LVA were established in 20 New Zealand rabbits by lighting left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery .Two‐dimensional echocardiography were performed at preoperative and postoperative 1 d ,2 d ,3 d ,1 w ,2 w ,3 w ,4 w .The survived animals which had LVA formed were en‐rolled .Real time three‐dimensional echocardiography was performed to obtain left ventricular volume ,LVEF and LVA volume ,The MMP‐9 serum concentration was measured by ELISA .Results (1)There were a significant increase in the serum concentration of MMP‐9 from postoperative 1 d and arrived at the peak at postoperative 3 d ,there were higher than preoperative at postoperative 4 w (P<0 .05) .(2)Compared with preoperative ,the LVEDV ,LVESV and LVAV volume at postoperative showed an increase trend (P<0 .05) ,while there was a decreasing trend in LVEF(P<0 .05) .(3)The MMP‐9 had the better relationship with LVEF at post‐operative 1 d ,2 d ,3 d ,1 w ,2 w ,3 w ,4 w ,in which MMP‐9 had the tightest relationship with LVEF at postoperative 3 d (r=0 .731 , P<0 .05) .MMP‐9 had the better relationship with LVA volume at postoperative 2 d ,3 d ,1 w ,2 w ,3 w ,4 w ,in which MMP‐9 had the tightest relationship with LVA volume at postoperative 3 d (r=0 .636 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion The MMP‐9 had an effect on cardiac function and LVA volume in the process of LVA formation .
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BACKGROUND:Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease is not completely understood, and there is yet no effective therapy that can prevent the neurodegenerative process of the disease fundamentaly. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) on lactacystin-induced Parkinson’s disease dopaminergic PC12 cel apoptosis and its molecular mechanism. METHODS: Under induction by nerve growth factors, PC12 cels differentiated into dopaminergic neurons, and then were treated with different concentrations of lactacystin for different time. When the cel survival rate was about 50%,the concentration and action time oflactacystin were selected to establish cel models of Parkinson’s disease. In the study, there were control group, lactacystin group, PACAP1-27 group (intervention group 1) and PACAP1-27+PACAP6-27 co-intervention group (intervention group 2). Changes of cel morphology were observed under inverted microscope; cel viability was detected with MTT method; the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress specific protein caspase-12 was detected by western blot. Then the action of PACAP1-27 and PACAP6-27 to the cytoxicity of lactacystin was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With different concentrations and action time of lactacystin, the viability of PC12 cels presented a concentration- and time-dependent decline. When the lactacystin at 20μmol/L acted for 24 hours, the cel viability was declined by about 50%. Under same conditions of lactacystin concentration and action time (20 μmol/L, 24 hours), the cels in the lactacystin group appeared to have damaged changes, declined cel viability, and increased caspase-12 activity in comparison with the control group (P< 0.01). Compared with the lactacystin group, the cel damage was relieved and cel viability was increased significantly in the intervention group 1 as wel as the expression of caspase-12 was decreased (P < 0.01). Experimental findings in the intervention group 2 were similar to those in the lactacystin group. These results suggest that lactacystin, an ubiquitin proteasome inhibitor, can lead to cel damage; PACAP1-27 plays a protective role by regulating the above-mentioned signal pathway. As one PACAP1-27 receptor antagonist, PACAP6-27 can attenuate this effect of PACAP1-27.
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BACKGROUND:Due to the different transplantation time after myocardial infarction, the homing ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels to damaged tissues as wel as the repairing role wil be very different. OBJECTIVE:To explore the optimal window time for the homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels to the myocardial tissue after myocardial infarction. METHODS: Eighteen Chinese miniature pigs were modeled by the ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. BrdU-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were injectedvia the coronary artery at 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks after modeling, respectively. Then, the animals were kiled at 3 days after cel transplantation to detect the home of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels in the infarct zone. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:BrdU-labeled positive cels with brown nuclei were visible at 1 day, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks after myocardial infarction, especialy at 1 week after myocardial infarction (P < 0.05). It indicates that the best homing window for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels was at week after myocardial infarction, when the stem cel transplantation is given to be able to promote myocardial repair.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>In this study, we investigated the potential of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) for use as a source of transplants for the restoration of auditory hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We co-cultured the mouse iPSC with the cells of the cochlear organ of Corti or the modiolus in vitro. The cochlear organ of Corti (which contains cochlear hair cells) and the modiolus (which contains auditory spiral ganglion neurons) were obtained from postnatal day 3 (P3) CD-1 ICR mice. After 18 days of coculture with the cells of newborn mouse cochleae. The expressions of hair cell markers (Myosin VIIa, Math1, Calretinin, Espin) and Spiral ganglion neuron markers [Nestin, Neurofilament-M, β-III Tubulin, Vesicular glutamate transporter 1(VGluT1)] were detected by immunocytochemical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunocytochemical analysis results indicated that the differentiated iPSC expressed auditory hair cell markers (MyosinVIIa,Math1, Calretinin, Espin ) and spiral ganglion markers (Nestin, Neurofilament-M,β-III Tubulin,VGluT1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mouse iPSC in virto cultured could successfully be induced to differentiate into hair cell-like cells and spiral ganglion-like cells with hair cell and spiral ganglion molecular markers.</p>
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Animals , Mice , Cell Differentiation , Cochlea , Physiology , Coculture Techniques , Hair , Hair Cells, Auditory , In Vitro Techniques , Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells , Mice, Inbred ICR , Neurons , Spiral Ganglion , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the difference of myocardium strain between myocadial infarction and ventricular aneurysm (VA) by two-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging in rabbits.Methods 26 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were enrolled in this study,6 were put into the control group and 20 in the experimental group.models of myocardial infarction concomitant with VA were prepared by the ligation of the middle segment of left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery.At 4 weeks after the procedure,according to the pathological inspect and echocardiography for whether VA formed,the experimental animals were divided into the VA group and the myocadial infarction group.Echocardiography was performed to measure the LV cavity size and cardiac function.Radial strain rate (SrR) and circumferential strain rate(SrC) indexes were measured by 2D-STI software for each animal at the level of apex in left ventricular short-axis view,and then calculated the strain rate decrease percentage in each segment.Results 1)Compared with the control group,SrR-S,SrR-E,SrR A,SrC-S,SrC-E,SrC-A in all segments were reduced significantly in the VA group and the myocadial infarction group (P ＜ 0.05),the VA group was the most significant.2)Compared with the myocadial infarction group,the strain rate decrease percentage of SrR-S,SrR-E,SrR-A,SrC-S,SrC-E,SrC-A in all segment had significant in the VA group.Comparison between the each section,the strain rate decrease percentage of SrR-Santerior wall,SrR-Sateral wall,SrC-Santerior wall,SrC-Slateral wall were the most significant.3)There were the tighter relationship between the strain rate decrease percentage of SrR-Santerior wall,SrC-Santerior wall,SrR-Slateral wall,SrC-Slateral wall and left ventricular ejection fraction (r =0.82,0.72,0.75,0.71,repectively,all P ＜ 0.05).4) The ROC curve analysis showed that when the strain rate decrease percentage was 60％ as the critical point,the strain rate decrease percentage of SrC-Santerior wall,SrC-Slateral wall,SrR-Santerior wall,SrR-Slateral wall had a sensitivity of 83.30 ％,84.40％,83.30％,67.70％％ and a specificity was 73.60％,78.20％％,69.70％,83.30％ for prognosis ventricular aneurysm,repectively.Conclusions After ventricular aneurysm formation,anterior and lateral wall myocardial strain were give priority to the myocardial mechanics reconstruction,thus systolic myocardial strain rate decrease percentage can be important indicator of infarction myocardial developing into ventricular aneurysm.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence on left ventricular(LV) twist,and the relationship between LV twist and function in the rabbits with ventricular aneurysm formed after myocardial infarction by two-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking imaging.MethodsTwenty-six healthy rabbits were divided into two groups,six as control group,twenty as experimental group.The model of myocardial infarction and ventricular aneurysm were established by ligaturing left anterior descending coronary artery and left circumflex artery.After four weeks,according to the pathological examination of whether ventricular aneurysm formed or not,the experimental group was divided into myocardial infarct group and ventricular aneurysm group.Echocardiography was performed to measure rotations (at the levels of mitral annulus and apex in LV short-axis view),LV twist,left ventricular cavity size and function.ResultsCompared with the myocardial infarct group,LV end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD) and LV end-diastolic volume(LVEDV) were larger in the ventricular aneurysm group,but LV ejection fraction (LVEF),LV fractional shortening (LVFS),apical rotation and LV twist were lower in the ventricular aneurysm group than the myocardial infarct group.Both apical rotation and LV twist had shown a great correlation with LVEF.The conclusion was also shown in the ROC curve that sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis cardiac dysfunction were 76.9％ and 80.0％ respectively when the apical rotation was 1.21°.Conclusions There was a closely relationship between the change of apical rotation and the LV systolic function.When the apical rotation dropped to 1.21°,an apparent decline of LV systolic function was implied.
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Objective To study the change of thrombosis in rabbits arteries by electron microscope after thromb was lyses by urokinase targeted microbubbles.Methods A total of 24 rabbits with plateletrich thrombi in the femoral artery were randomized into 4 treatment groups (n = 6) :(1) ultrasound alone (US) ; (2) urokinase alone (UK); (3) ultrasound, non-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US + M + UK) ;(4) ultrasound, platelet-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US + R + UK).Urokinase targeted microbubbles were in conjunction with the surface of commercial microbubbles (SonoVue) by direct conjugation method.US was simultaneously applied transcutaneously over the thrombus up to 30 min.The thrombolytic effect was based on ultrasound, blood flow and histological observations at 120 min post treatment.Results US + R + UK group was completed recanalization (P ＜ 0.001).Scanning electron microscope examination showed thrombosis of the fiber network structure damage.Conclusions The main electron microscope change of RGDS urokinase targeted microbubbles dissolve thromb is thrombus fibrin network structure damage and fibrin dissolution.
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Objective To evaluate the value of peak time(PT) and corrected peak time(PTc) in the assessment of left ventricular long axis systolic function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).Methods Thirty-one DCM cases and thirty-six healthy cases were investigated using echocardiography.To obtain image of apical four-chamber view and apical two-chamber view, PT was measured by the technique of tissue motion annular displacement.The value of PTc was corrected by R-R interval.The critical value of PT and PTc was obtained by ROC curves.Results Compared with the PT of control group, the PT of DCM group at the site of septal and lateral were significantly increased ( P ＜0.05), but the PT at the site of anterior and inferior were no significantly increased ( P ＞0.05).The PTc at the four sites were significantly increased compared with control group ( P ＜0.05).The areas of under the ROC curve of PTc was 0.849 (95 % CI 0.699～0.929, P = 0.000), sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis cardiac dysfunction were 80.6 % and 66.7% respectively.Conclusions The PTc was significantly increased in patients with DCM.PTc was useful to evaluate left ventricular dysfunction in DCM patients.
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Objective To investigate the value of ultrasonography in evaluating the femoral artery thrombosis in rabbit. Methods Thrombosis was induced by external application with 10% ferric chloride and transient femoral artery-occlusion with bulldog clamp in twenty New-Zealand rabbits. The thrombosis was monitored by both Doppler flowmeter and ultrasonography. The histopathological result was used as the golden standard. The consistency of the above two results with the golden standard was analyzed. Results Thirty-two femoral arteries thrombosis were produced successfully. There was high consistency between the results of ultrasonic evaluation and histopathological examination (Kappa = 0. 720, P ＜ 0. 001 ), and moderate consistency between the results of Doppler flowmeter evaluation and histopathological examination (Kappa = 0. 546, P ＜0. 001 ). Within the thirty-two femoral arteries thrombosis, there were nineteen arteries with occlusive thrombus examined by histopathological means. Both the results of Doppler flowmeter and ultrasonography were highly consistent with the results of histopathological examination (Kappa = 0. 800 and 0.798 respectively, P ＜ 0. 001 ). Conclusions There is high consistency between the results of ultrasonic evaluation and histopathological examination for the common femoral artery thrombosis in rabbit.In the non-occlusive thrombus diagnosing,ultrasonography is better than Doppler flowmeter.
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Objective To determine the effect of the combined use of urokinase and glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa-targeted microbubbles prepared by direct conjugation method to dissolve the thromb in vivo and analyse the velocity tracing change of blood flow and explore the possible mechanism. Methods A total of 42 rabbits with platelet-rich thrombi in the femoral artery were randomized into 7 treatment groups ( n = 6 in each group): 1) ultrasound alone (US); 2) ultrasound plus non-targeted microbubbles ( US + M); 3) urokinase alone (UK) ;4) ultrasound, non-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US + M + UK); 5) ultrasound plus platelet-targeted microbubble ( US + R); 6) platelet-targeted microbubble plus urokinase (R + UK); 7)ultrasound, platelet-targeted microbubble and urokinase (US + R + UK). A total of 6 ml of infusion liquor of Urokinase,RGDS and microbubbles (SonoVue) were mixed by 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 1 ratio by the direct conjugation method, infusion via vein within 20 min. Ultrasound was conducted to lyse the clot for 30 min. The recanalization and the velocity tracing change of blood flow in thrombolytic process were evaluated at 120 min post treatment. Results For US, UK, US + M, US + R and US + M + UK groups, recanalization was failed. The R + UK and US + R + UK was recanalizated ( P ＜0.001 ). The blood flow velocity tracing was small and low width in US,UK, US + M, US + R and US + M + UK groups. The wave was high width and disorderly under the thrombolysis therapy in the R + UK and US + R + UK. The thrombolytic effect was demonstrated by the high-width and disorderly resonance changes in the blood flow spectrum during the thrombolytic therapy of US + R + UK. Conclusions The blood flow spectrum of groups had different characteristics in vivo when thrombus was issolved,ultrasonic resonance might be the possible mechanism.
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Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of rAAV2-SERCA2a gene targeted to myocardium by the ultrasound mediated microbubbles in rats with myocardial infarction(MI) using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods Thirty-five male SD rats were divided into Sham group, MI group and gene therapy group. rAAV2-SERCA2a was attached to the surface of SonoVue, sulphur hexafluoride-filled microbubbles. Therapy group animals were infused with those mixed fluids through tail vein. The other two groups were infused with SonoVue microbubbles. These bubbles were infused with simultaneous echocardiography. Four weeks after ultrasound microbubbles destructed,Circumferential strain rate(SRcir), radial strain rate(SRrad) and left ventricular torsion (LVtor) of regional myocardium were measured in short-axis view using speckle tracking imaging software for each animal. Results Compared with the M1 group,there were significant increase in SRcir-S,SRcir-E, SRrad-S,SRrad-E and LVtor in rats of gene therapy group( P ＜0. 01 ). There was no significant difference between gene therapy group and sham group. Conclusions rAAV2-SERCA2a gene targeted to myocardium by the ultrasound mediated microbubbles could enhance cardiac function of rats with MI.
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Objective To investigate the effect of swimming exercise on insulin sensitivity and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)mRNA expression in muscle tissue of insulin-resistant (IR) rats induced by high-fat diet.Methods The IR rat model was induced by high-fat diet feeding for 10 weeks and assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique (HEC). The rats were divided into the fllowing three groups: normal group without exercise, IR groups with and without swimming exercise. After 4 weeks swimming excersie, insulin sensitivity and serum IL-1β levels were measured.Results Glucose infusion rate (GIR) of the IR rats was significantly elevated than that of non-exercise IR rats (P<0.01). Moreover, serum IL-1β levels were reduced markedly in IR rats (P<0.01). Conclusion High-fat diet feeding can partly reverse IR of rats to normal value. Swimming exercise improves insulin sensitivity and reduces the levels of IL-1β in IR rats induced by high-fat diet.